Understanding Browser Operations
This document outlines the key processes that occur in a web browser when a user requests a web page. The goal is to provide a fast and smooth user experience, which is essential for modern web applications. 25/12/24 5:16 PM 1. User Navigation The process begins when a user navigates to a web page by entering a URL, clicking a link, or submitting a form. This action triggers the following steps. 2. DNS Lookup After navigation, the browser performs a DNS (Domain Name System) lookup to locate the server hosting the requested page. If the IP address has not been cached, the browser sends a request to a DNS server, which responds with the corresponding IP address. This lookup is typically only needed once per hostname. 3. Establishing a Connection Once the IP address is known, the browser establishes a connection to the server using TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) through a three-way handshake, often referred to as SYN, SYN-ACK, and ACK. This negotiation ensures...